ABSTRACT
To evaluate the rationality of alcohol precipitation technology of Biqiu granule by investigating its effect on serum histamine, IgE, IL-4, IFN and TNF-α. The contents of cafferic acid and rosmarinic acid were used as the evaluation indexes, and some factors affecting index were firstly evaluated by Plackett-Burman design; then alcohol precipitation technology was further optimized by Box-Behnken design to determine the optimal alcohol precipitation conditions. The best alcohol precipitation conditions were as follows: the relative density of herb liquor was 1.15 (65 ℃); the concentration of alcohol was 70%, and standing time was 12 hours. Optimal alcohol precipitation technology of Biqiu granules determined by pharmacodynamic screening, Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken design tests, was stable and feasible with good predictability, providing reliable basis for the industrialization production of Biqiu granules.
ABSTRACT
First with the qualified rate of granules as the evaluation index, significant influencing factors were firstly screened by Plackett-Burman design. Then, with the qualified rate and moisture content as the evaluation indexes, significant factors that affect one-step pelletization technology were further optimized by Box-Behnken design; experimental data were imitated by multiple regression and second-order polynomial equation; and response surface method was used for predictive analysis of optimal technology. The best conditions were as follows: inlet air temperature of 85 degrees C, sample introduction speed of 33 r x min(-1), density of concrete 1. 10. One-step pelletization technology of Biqiu granules by Plackett-Burman design and Box-Behnken response surface methodology was stable and feasible with good predictability, which provided reliable basis for the industrialized production of Biqiu granules.
Subject(s)
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical , Methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , TemperatureABSTRACT
With inlet temperature, specific gravity, feeding speed as independent variables, the comprehensive evaluating indexes of content of schisandrin and arctiin as dependent variable, the experimental data were fitted to a second order polynomial equation. Based on establishing the mathematical relationship between the comprehensive evaluating indexes and respective variables, Box-Benhnken central composite test and response surface analysis method was employed to optimize the spray drying technology of Biqiu granules ethanol extract. The optimal drying parameter was as follows: the inlet temperature was 175 degrees C, the specific gravity was 1.10, feeding speed was 32 r x min(-1). Under these conditions, the comprehensive evaluating indexes of spraying dry processes was 92.68, which was close to the model prediction. The spraying dry technology of Biqiu granules ethanol extract optimized by response surface methodology was accurate and feasible, which provided theoretical experiment basis for the industrialization production.
Subject(s)
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical , Methods , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , EthanolABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe effect of Shufeng Xuanfei Recipe (SXR) and Jiebiao Qingli Recipe (JQR) on mRNA and protein expressions of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in mice infected with influenza virus FM1.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and eight mice were randomly divided into nine groups, i.e., the normal control group, the model group, the Oseltamivir group (at the daily dose of 2.5 g/mL), the high dose SXR group (at the daily dose of 3.762 g/kg), the middle dose SXR group (at the daily dose of 1.881 g/kg), the low dose SXR group (at the daily dose of 0.941 g/kg), the high dose JQR group (at the daily dose of 4.368 g/kg), the middle dose JQR group (at the daily dose of 2.184 g/kg), and the low dose JQR group (at the daily dose of 1.092 g/kg), 12 in each group. All mice were mildly anesthetized by ether. Mice in the normal control group were treated by nasal drop of 0.05 mL normal saline, while mice in the rest groups were infected by nasal drop of 0.05 mL influenza virus strain FM1 (LD50). The successful modeling rate was 100%. All medication was performed by gastrogavage 2 h after infection. Distilled water was given by gastrogavage to mice in the normal control group and the model group at the daily dose of 0.2 mL, each time per day for 4 successive days. mRNA expressions of TLR7, MyD88, and NF-kappaB in the lung tissue were determined by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal control group, mRNA expressions of TLR7, MyD88, and NF-kappaB increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, mRNA and protein expressions of TLR7, MyD88, and NF-kappaB decreased in the Oseltamivir group, the high, middle, and low dose SXR groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); mRNA and protein expressions of TLR7 and NF-kappaB decreased in the high and middle dose JQR groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); mRNA expressions of MyD88 decreased in the high and middle dose JQR groups (P < 0.05); protein expressions of MyD88 decreased in the middle dose JQR group (P < 0.05); protein expressions of TLR7 and NF-kappaB decreased in the low dose JQR group (P < 0.05). Compared with the Oseltamivir group, protein expressions of MyD88 decreased in the low dose SXR group (P < 0.05); protein expressions of NF-kappaB decreased in the middle and low dose SXR groups (P < 0.01); mRNA and protein expressions of TLR7 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and protein expressions of MyD88 (P < 0.01) decreased in the high, middle, and low dose JQR groups; mRNA and protein expressions of NF-kappaB decreased in the low dose JQR group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Each dose SXR and middle dose JQR could down-regulating the activity of NF-kappaB through adjusting MyD88 dependent TLR signal pathway, thus fighting against influenza virus. SXR was more effective than JQR.</p>